Educational materials that highlight soil contributions to farm, landscape and global functioning coupled with dialoguing between practitioners, scientists, and policy-makers can communicate the importance of soil quality to sustainability.
The portion which represent the soil contributions (σ°HHsoil) to the satellite signals; are employed for inversely running Oh model and the water cloud model for estimating soil moisture, canopy water content and canopy height respectively.
Root exclusion collars were installed at a subset of the sites, and periodic removal of the litter layer allowed litter and bulk soil contributions to be estimated by subtraction.
It was found that in C-band, which had an incidence angle of 23°, the soil moisture contribution to the sigma value was predominant over the vegetation contribution.
When the vehicle speed is low, as compared to the wave velocities in the soil, the contribution of the static component to the free field vibrations is negligible.
Several indicators have been proposed in literature, considering in particular the soil reflectance contribution and the vegetative mass, whose deterioration can be a good indicator of desertification, being the major biological production of desert areas [19].
However, we also find that the soil CO2 contribution from a more distal wider degassing structure dominates the total Furnas volcano CO2 budget, which we evaluate (summing up the CO2 flux contributions for degassing soils, fumarolic emissions and springs) at ~1030 t day−1.
Furthermore, at a plot scale, the tracer concentration analysis showed an exponentially decreasing trend with the downstream distance both for sediment detachment along furrows and soil source contribution from tagged segments.
