The amplification of peak ground acceleration at the soil surface was inversely proportional to the degree of saturation, especially in low period range.
For example, using the HVSR method together with the short-term Fourier transform, Xu (2010) identified clear soil nonlinearity for sites that recorded peak ground acceleration (PGA) >200 cm/s2.
On the other hand, the soil non-linearity on PGV is very small compared with peak ground acceleration (Midorikawa and Ohtake, 2003; Fujimoto and Midorikawa, 2006).
The proposed procedure includes the variability associated with reinforced backfill, retained backfill, foundation soil, horizontal seismic acceleration and surcharge load acting on the wall.
The cold soil respiration and acceleration of CO2 emission during the freezing-thawing was caused by different processes: the liberation of nutrients upon the soil freezing, biological activity occurring in unfrozen water films, and respiration of cold-adapted microflora.
There are several reports on potential properties of biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp., and Acinetobacter sp. for removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil and even acceleration of biodegradation of pesticides (Pacwa-Plociniczak et al. 2011; Kassab and Roane 2006).
Soil vertical displacements, accelerations and pore water pressures induced by moving load are calculated.
The proposed schemes include bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), direct air capture through chemical engineering, storing biochar in soils, and the acceleration of chemical weathering, which in nature absorbs CO2 on a geologic time scale.
Land consolidation contributed to the acceleration of soil erosion through the conversion of depositional areas into sediment generating areas.
The study of buried soils within the soil/soil-sediment-sequences provided evidence for an acceleration of soil formation processes probably as a consequence of excessive prehistoric woodland pasture on poor sandy soils.
