Sentence examples for soft budgets from inspiring English sources

Most operate with "soft" budgets, in the knowledge that their state parents will supply capital when needed.

Competition would end state monopolies and the "soft" budgets that bring inefficiency and drive out non-state providers.

In effect, therefore, practice based commissioning has resulted in very "soft" budgets for practices, with few penalties for overspending practices or rewards for underspending.

So firms were kept alive at any cost, including cheap credit, subsidies, tax breaks and the like; they operated under "soft budget constraints", in the phrase of Janos Kornai, the path-breaking Hungarian economist who predicted and explained this pathological condition.Knowing the government would always bail them out, state enterprises acted accordingly.

Soft budget controls can help you know when someone is going overboard and can help you curb those enthusiasms.

The prior literature indicated that soft budget constraint is an important catalyst for R&D investment because softer budget provides sufficient funds for firms to have confidence even in circumstances of uncertainty (Nohria and Gulati 1996).

"Soft budget constraint" arises when an unprofitable enterprise is bailed out by the government or other creditors.

"Soft budget constraint" is an important concept to understand underperformed enterprises in transition economies (Kornai 1992; Kornai et al. 2003).

In this model, the government does not impose soft budget constraints on corporations (Weingast 1995; Kornai et al. 2003).

First, the central government puts pressure on and shifts responsibilities to local governments, which will inevitably bring about pressure mechanisms, adverse soft budget constraints, and soft risk constraints.

Kornai's (1992) concepts such as soft budget constraints, investment hunger, and mandatory increase remain convincing and applicable with slight changes.