By the late 1980s, the party was officially adopting the idea of "a market economy with socialist orientation".
With the party and government now firmly committed to a free-market system, debate includes different interpretations of the socialist part of the country's guiding economic principle, "market forces with a socialist orientation," Mr. Hung said.
In the late 1950s Sōhyō, too, had become increasingly antigovernment and anti-American, its Marxist and socialist orientation finding a political voice in the Japan Socialist Party (JSP), of which it became the leading supporter.
However, the development of the economy continues to be under state direction and with a socialist orientation.
Dramatic shifts from a market economy to a socialist orientation and back again, with the attendant inflation, economic instability, crippling public debt and violence, made the development and implementation of a consistent long-run economic policy difficult".
Ultimately, that means that Maduro's reshuffle has less to do with directing policy toward a more socialist or liberal orientation and more to do with consolidating as much power as possible -- in his own hands or in the hands of Venezuela's military -- as the economy worsens.
They both ran in the 2011 primaries won by Hollande, and personified two styles, two political orientations within the Socialist party.
Dr. Bulova's orientation to leftist and socialist politics was often evident.
Political parties are both secular and religious, with the Jewish secular parties being Zionist and ranging in orientation from left-wing socialist to capitalist, and the religious parties tending to have ethnic appeal (Sephardi or Ashkenazi).
Their persisting socialist commitment contrasts with the more individualist orientation of their grandchildren.
