Shawn Miller is Citi's Global Head and Managing Director of Environmental and Social Risk Management ESRMM) where he advises Citi management and bankers on environmental and social risk issues and transactions globally.
Prevention has always been the best way to manage social risk, identifying and then mitigating problems before they arise.
It's not difficult to see why – water access and quality pose a direct operational and social risk to business.
The government now requires that all major industrial projects pass a social risk assessment before they begin.
"No major projects can be launched without social risk evaluations," Zhou Shengxian, the environment minister, said at the news conference.
Robert is taking a social risk as much as a physical one, and people's attitudes toward him are similar to those of investors toward a start-up.
The International Finance Corp, through its performance standards for environmental and social risk management in the private sector, is helping drive change among both companies and lenders.
However, only a small number of G250 CR reports (5%) include information on the financial value at stake through environmental and social risk.
It has begun to develop a greenhouse gas management and assessment process and has committed to publish an environmental and social risk assessment policy.
As a report last year by FairPensions warned, pension funds typically delegate the responsibility for assessing environmental and social risk to fund managers.
The personal and social risk factors for relapse are also understood, with stress, impulsivity and (paradoxically) episodes of success making people more vulnerable.
