These analyses reveal, for the first time, shared genetic aetiology between the dichotomous trait 'ever smoked' and MDD, but not between smoking consumption, as a quantitative trait, and MDD (Supplementary Fig. S1).
Other studies investigated the unintended consequences of TC policies, such as perceived stigmatization of smokers, trends in socioeconomic inequalities in smoking initiation, smoking prevalence, smoking consumption, and smoking cessation, and the impact of smoke-free legislation on voluntary home smoking bans [ 29– 31].
The youngest workers (<35 years old) maintained a stable smoking consumption prevalence (~35%) before and after passage of the two smoke-free laws (Table 2).
Factors such as gender, age, smoking, consumption of pickle, and body mass index were evaluated.
Smoking consumption and CO level were assessed at 6-week post-intervention follow-up.
Healthiest behaviour was defined as never smoking, consumption of <1 g alcohol/day, a BMI of <25 kg/m2 and physical activity of more than 2 h/week.
We focused on a selection of confounders, resulting in an in-depth consideration of age, sex steroid-related factors, somatic health, acute medication, smoking, consumption of food and drinks, alcohol consumption, physical activity/fitness, and sleep.
The following data were collected: residential history, smoking, consumption of fluids, and occupational and medical history.
Alcohol and smoking consumption during pregnancy were thus collected retrospectively, and underreporting cannot be ruled out.
Each model included an interaction term between the metric of smoking consumption and sex.
Controls were admitted for acute, non-neoplastic conditions, unrelated to alcohol and smoking consumption.
