Sentence examples for smoking choice from inspiring English sources

Health claims about e-cigarettes remind anti-tobacco activists of the days when Big Tobacco marketed low-tar cigarettes as a "healthier" smoking choice.

In the econometric analyses, I specify a simple binary choice model based on a random utility model to examine the effects of smoking control policies on individual smoking choice by employing the instrumental variable probit model to control for the endogeneity of cigarette prices.

The advantages of this study, which uses multi-year and nationwide individual survey data, are that it overcomes the above analytical problems of previous Japanese studies and comprehensively examines the impacts of recently implemented smoking control policies in Japan on individual smoking choice.

This article comprehensively examines the impact of recent smoking control policies in Japan, increases in cigarette taxes and the enforcement of the Health Promotion Law, on individual smoking choice by using multi-year and nationwide individual survey data to overcome the analytical problems of previous Japanese studies.

Based on a random utility model, I specify a simple binary choice model to examine the effects of smoking control policies on individual smoking choice: Smokin g it * = α 0 + α 1 ⋅ CigTa x t + α 2 ⋅ HP L t + ∑ j = 1 J β j ⋅ x j, it + u it (1) Smokin g it = { 1 i f S m o k i n g it * & 0 0 o t h e r w i s e. Smoking is an indicator that equals one if individual i is a current smoker.

This article comprehensively examines the impact of an increase in cigarette taxes and the enforcement of the HPL on individuals' smoking choices.

Third, the following factors that affect smoking choices were not taken into consideration: an individual's smoking history or extent of nicotine addiction and preferences for risk and time.

In this study, we present policy guidance that is relevant to tobacco control efforts and the first of its kind to use a novel experimental approach to understand waterpipe smoking choices among young adults.

Significantly, these open hemichannels are known to regulate isosmotic cell volume and cell mechanics for normal tissue growth (16) and are known to facilitate external oxidative stress signal to induce apoptosis, as would occur in response to environmental stress and lifestyle (e.g., smoking) choices (27, 28).

Behaviours such as smoking, food choice, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption are well recognised determinants of health [ 5].

Drinking and smoking are choices people make for themselves.