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For the binary variable, current smokers status, the categories of 'smoker' and 'persons attempting to quit' were combined, while 'non-smokers' combined the categories of 'non-smoker' and 'ex-smoker'.
Although Quitline progress reports provided individual-level information on referred smokers' status, the sites had no internal tracking system and limited resources to follow up with smokers the Quitline was unable to contact or who had set a quit date and received medications.
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The company diversified acquisitions by sex, smoker status and the projected likeliest cause of death, from heart disease to cancer.
The fact that these mutations may be more prevalent in certain patient populations, including patients of Asian ethnicity, female gender, and never-smoker status, raises intriguing questions regarding the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
We note that the association with never smoker status may be confounded by ethnicity or sex [34].
Our results do not establish that the new regions were characteristic of never smoker status, but provide interesting insights into genomic imbalances in lung cancer.
In the largest study of the lung adenocarcinoma genome, never smoker status was associated, although not significantly, with amplification of 7p-q and 16p and deletion of 10q and 15q [215q
Current and ever smoker status was obtained by self-report.
dIf smoker status was unknown, they were treated as "no".
Possible explanations for these discrepancies include confounders like race, age, smoker status.
Significance was seen for heavy smoker status and history of immobility.
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