Sentence examples for smokers over time from inspiring English sources

As repeat cross-sectional surveys of adequate size, they provide an appropriate tool for examining hardening in the general population of smokers over time.

Natural experiments on the decreased risk in former smokers over time after stopping smoking could provide reliable secondary evidence of causal associations in observational studies.

This contrasts with a constant rate of overall lung cancer, and of adenocarcinoma, among never smokers over time [ 5, 11, 12].

This finding is in line with published research observing that methylation levels in former smokers revert to levels similar to never smokers over time [ 3, 7].

Shifts in the socioeconomic distribution of smokers over time could contribute to an increase in overall lung cancer death rates, but it is more difficult to understand how they would explain the shift toward adenocarcinoma.

Shifts in the socioeconomic distribution of smokers over time could contribute to an increase in overall lung cancer death rates, but that shift should be relatively uniform across the birth cohorts and that is not what we observed.

At CYP1A1 (cg05549655) and CNTNAP2 (cg25949550), while there was some evidence for change in methylation among the offspring of the smokers and non-smokers over time, the difference in methylation between groups persisted.

In our Markov model of the impact of smoking cessation on age-related macular degeneration, we needed estimates of the risks, for ex-smokers relative to current-smokers, over time since quitting.

Figure 6 shows the cumulative meta-analysis of endometriosis risk for ever smokers versus non-smokers over time, from 1986 to 2014: small variations in the RR estimates emerged over time.

At MYO1G (cg22132788), methylation level for the offspring of smokers deviated more from the level of the offspring of non-smokers over time, whereas at GFI1 (cg09935388) and KLF13 (cg26146569) there was some recovery of methylation towards the level of those not exposed to prenatal maternal smoke.

In an HIV-negative population, it was found that although the increase in risk of death among previous smokers compared with never smokers declined over time since smoking cessation, an increase in risk persisted for up to 19 years [ 24].