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As such, even though RYO smokers represent a smaller portion of the entire smoking population relative to FM cigarette smokers, knowing that they are more frequent and heavier smokers suggests that they may actually be at increased risk for future smoking related morbidity and mortality [ 6- 8].
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The idea was to mix theater and ballet and gymnastics and mime and circus". The senior Golovko, who is often called Papa, is a dedicated chain smoker, with knowing eyes, iron-gray hair, a challenging jaw and a penchant for irony.
Many nonsmoking Bangladeshis in the study did not know that SHS causes lung cancer in non-smokers and not knowing was significantly associated with SHS exposure.
The SPM was administered to a college sample (N = 771; 67% female) of young adults, aged 18 to 24 years, who reported knowing a smoker whom they thought should quit smoking.
Some smokers go so far as to load their regular Marlboros into a menthol box, knowing the casual smoker will turn up his nose.
"Because smokers have no way of knowing that the level of nicotine they are receiving has increased, they can become more addicted more easily without knowing why".
Few nurse-midwives identified barriers to counseling pregnant patients who smoked, but the most common were lack of time (14%) and not knowing where to send pregnant smokers for treatment (14%).
We are confident in judgments such as 'Harry's smoking caused his lung cancer' while knowing that in fact not all smokers are stricken by lung cancer.
So, knowing that the moment will come, the smokers sit inside these days, and they hold off their cravings as long as they are able.
"Without knowing the higher nicotine yield, a heavy smoker trying to cut back on the number of cigarettes smoked each day may actually be getting the same amount of nicotine even though they are smoking fewer cigarettes.
In the case of smoking while knowing it's bad for your health, many smokers have developed all kinds of way to rationalize and justify their behavior to ward off those feelings of internal conflict.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com