Electro-rheological material (ERM) is a typical smart material characterized by fast, continuous and reversible response to the applied electric field and endow its products a promising future.
The shift, he says, is from the "smart city" characterized by connected devices to the "maker city" shaped by connected citizens empowered with disruptive technologies like Plethora the so-called "factory at your fingertips".
The aim of the paper is the proposal of a high-rate measurement architecture for data processing, monitoring, and management in a smart grid characterized by real-time measurements and sophisticated control integrating fluctuating renewable power sources and/or prosumers (such as electrical vehicles and storage systems).
Smart Grids are characterized by the application of information communication technology (ICT) to solve electrical energy challenges.
Shape memory polymers (SMP) are smart materials was characterized by the recoverability of shape memory effect, but its mechanical property such as the strength is low.
Thus, the smart factory is characterized by a self-organized multi-agent system assisted with big data based feedback and coordination.
Optimal smart charging is characterized as a linear charging cost minimization program over time horizon where charging decisions are constrained by technical (battery level, charging speed, vehicle location) as well as usage (driving requests need to be served) requirements.
Shape memory polymer (SMP) as one of smart materials is characterized with its remarkable recoverability and shape memory effect, but its mechanical properties such as strength and elastic modulus is not high enough.
Smart materials are characterized by microstructural properties, which can be changed by external stress and electric field stimuli, and hence find use as the active components in sensors and actuators.
Smart grid is characterized by two-way flow of power in electrical network, and information in communication network to increase energy efficiency, transition to renewable energy sources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and build a sustainable economy that ensures prosperity for current and future generations [1 3].
