The rising incidence of immunodeficiency-related lymphomas, which again are more difficult to treat effectively, will also have had a small negative effect.
The Institute for Fiscal Studies has concluded that "even a small negative effect" on the British economy from leaving the EU "would damage the public finances by more than that £8bn".
Several studies have shown a small negative effect of migration on the wages of low-skilled workers in certain sectors in certain parts of the country, particularly care workers, shop assistants, and restaurant and bar workers.
Studies show that there may be a small negative effect, and in some circumstances even a small positive effect.But even so, raising the minimum wage will not do much to relieve poverty, because many poor people do not work, and many people who earn the minimum wage (such as teenagers from well-to-do families) are not poor.
Taking this into account, the authors claim that between 1980 and 2000 immigration pushed down the wages of American high-school drop-outs by at most 0.4%.None of these studies is decisive, but taken together they suggest that immigration, in the long run, has had only a small negative effect on the pay of America's least skilled and even that is arguable.
Tree size (dq) had only a small negative effect (Fig. 2c).
Moreover, the results suggest a small negative effect on the employment rate of younger workers.
The initial concentration of Pb II) ions had a relatively small negative effect on removal efficiency.
Specifically, while unemployment, segregation, crime, and income inequality have a greater negative effect in Australia than in the United States, perceived racial inequality has a smaller negative effect.
In this review, the researchers observed that AR's impact on learning outcomes vary from a small negative effect to a large positive effect.
