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% within a small tolerance.
We demonstrate that both state and unknown-inputs estimation are achieved up to arbitrarily small tolerance.
One method converges the implicit nonlinear terms to a small tolerance and is often referred to as nonlinearly consistent (NC).
Also, the exact time of transition from one domain to another is iteratively calculated to within a small tolerance.
The observer is of sliding mode type and guarantees the estimation of the system's estate and unknown unmatched inputs up to an arbitrarily small tolerance.
Experimental results show the possibility to obtain kerf characterized by narrow width (<100 μm), low taper angle values (<1.8°) and small tolerance (<0.22 μm).
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At the same time, these workpieces are allowed to show only very small tolerances.
Grinding is a mechanical removal process applied mainly in finishing operations of hardened workpieces to produce small tolerances with high-quality.
The microrobotic system developed in this study is particularly suited for the handling of small parts, a task that requires accurate positioning within extremely small tolerances.
While process planners have to ensure very small tolerances, these size-effects lead to comparably strong variances within the behaviour of processes.
The manufacturing of machined components requires complex shaping with small tolerances and good quality of the surfaces due to operation under vacuum conditions.
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