Sentence examples for small scale population from inspiring English sources

However, local adaptation, once thought to be minimal due to long distance gene flow among marine populations, has since been reconsidered in light of small scale population structure in multiple coral species [7].

Microsatellite markers remain an informative and cost-effective tool for small scale population genetic studies.

This paradox is discussed in light of stochastic recruitment and small scale population structures found in other species of coral.

Further studies on species interactions in this system however necessitates a better understanding also on the small scale population differentiation, to identify strengths of direct and indirect species interactions and their ecological and evolutionary consequences.

For small scaled population sizes the increase in DMIs is quadratic at small times (2 ℓ μ 0 t ≪ 1 ).

This effect saturates for very small scaled population sizes, but diverges for very large scaled population sizes, to the point that reproductive isolation will take extremely long times for very large population sizes (4 N e κ F ≫ 10 ).

Here, we predict the same growth of DMIs with time, but only for small scaled population sizes (4 κ F N ≪ 1 ) and for a single two-locus system.

Note that an evolutionary model that ignored this genotype phenotype map could not reproduce Figure 2, but would have a common ancestor binding distribution peaked at the best binder for all population sizes, even though the strength of selection is reduced at small scaled population sizes.

Briefly, for small scaled population sizes (4 κ F N e ≪ 1 ), RI develops more rapidly for longer sequences as the overall substitution or divergence rate ∼   ℓ 〈 k 〉 is roughly proportional to ℓ, yet the distance between the common ancestors and the inviability boundary does not vary appreciably with sequence length.

While we would not expect quantitative agreement with biological systems, we can make a rough comparison to empirical data: our results suggest that reproductive isolation can occur on a timescale of the order of a few hundred thousand generations for small scaled population sizes.

Aside from climatic changes that have caused the gradual drift of populations (for example the desertification of the Middle East, and the formation of land bridges during glacial periods), extreme weather events have caused smaller scale population movements and intruded directly in historical events.