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However, the simplicity as well as low energy and monitoring requirements of this technology are often counterbalanced by frequent operational problems consisting of slow and insufficient dewatering, poor vegetation growth, odor, and overall poor mineralization of the sludge residues.
Sludge residues obtained after EC treatment at optimum operating conditions are analyzed by settling, sludge volume index (SVI), XRD, SEM/EDX, point of zero charge (PZC), FTIR and DGA/TGA.
Treated water containing sludge, residues and water is subsequently fed to aerobic digester, with a residence time of 6 days.
The most diffusive pollutants occurring in soil are heavy metals, which can enter the soil from different sources, such as pesticides, fertilizers, organic and inorganic amendments, mining, wastes, and sludge residues [ 1].
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The lawsuit claims it was mixed with waste oil, like motor oil that has been used and discarded, sludge residue from commercial boilers and other used oil and lubricants.
To realize the reclamation of the sludge residue, we used the sludge residue pretreated by the wet alkalinizing method to prepare geopolymer.
Moreover, the digested residue was significantly less toxic than the sludge residue of D6.
EC5 and EC10 in sludge residue of reactor D5 (no. 3a), in sludge residue of reactor D6 (no. 7a) and bed material in reed beds treating sludge from reactor D6 (no. 8a).
Sludge residue and bed material trapped toxic compounds, demonstrated by slightly increased TU values in D5 (Figure 1, Table 5).
In contrast, the well-managed STRB had more aerobic conditions in the sludge residue resulting in low CH4 emission rates.
Co-digestion of sludge and oat followed by dewatering and treatment of sludge residue in reed beds can be a sustainable waste management and energy production.
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