Despite the growing interest in more frequent hemodialysis (HD), to date, there have been no randomized prospective studies comparing outcomes in patients dialyzed using conventional thrice-weekly therapy with either the short hours daily or long slow nocturnal HD modalities.
We also could not assess whether very early sodium bicarbonate administration (within the first six hours of acidemia), a different load of buffer (high vs low dose) or administration modalities (slow vs rapid infusion and/or concentrated vs diluted bicarbonate) had any different effects on outcome.
However, despite the advancements in fMRI scanners, one of the biggest limitations of fMRI modality is slow imaging compared to the other medical imaging modalities [4].
Tumor treating fields through liquid metal electrode could offer a safe, straightforward and effective treatment modality which evidently slows down tumor growth in vivo.
The formidable complexity and evasive nature of tumor biology are the major reasons for the slow progress in implementing effective modalities of prevention and treatment of most cancers.
Extensive attempts have been made to develop gero-suppressive modalities that can slow down processes of senescence and aging extending longevity.
Atypical giant cells are induced by either genistein or radiation alone but are more prominent in tumors treated with both modalities and represent a slow death due to alterations in cell division at the level of cytokinesis [ 13, 17].
However, despite advances in technology which has significantly improved the ability to provide home telehealth services, the uptake of applications has been slow, and the full potential of the modality has not been realised [ 6].
Other modalities include intermittent haemodialysis (IHD), slow extended daily dialysis [ 7], or daily haemodialysis [ 8].
In all tested cell lines, the expression of histone γH2AX, a marker of DNA double-strand breaks, after combined drug-IR treatment was higher and its decay rate was slower than those after each single treatment modality.
