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Globally, C. trachomatis revealed a slow in vitro adaptation that only modestly modifies the in vivo-derived genomic evolutionary landscape.
Finally, Hoxb4 overexpression in mouse zygotes showed a slow in vitro development effect.
9 PatA, the cognate protease which cleaves after the GLEAS motif is extremely slow in vitro and thus not suitable for the production of milligram quantities of material or a large number of variant patellamides.
For endocrine therapies, the prolonged duration of autophagy - even when prodeath is not immediately lethal - may explain why cell death is generally slow in vitro and why complete pathological responses are infrequent even among highly responsive ERα-positive breast tumors.
In this respect, the slow in vitro growth rate for primary OS cells found herein is more comparable with the reported growth rate for OS cells in vivo than that of the tested OS cell lines (Band and Kocandrle, 1975).
For the total MVI (excluding the brain), a slow in vitro growth predicts a hypovirulent mutant with a maximum probability of 60%, and hypervirulence is estimated to have a 40% chance (Fig. 5D) – compared with 86% and 3% probability, respectively, with the FVI as a predictor.
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Indeed, breast cancer cells that overexpress GPNMB/OA, when grown in complete media, tend to display slower in vitro growth rates when compared to empty vector control cells [19], suggesting that the reduced apoptosis observed in GPNMB/OA-expressing mammary tumors may be secondary to tumor/stromal interactions that occur only in vivo.
To this end, we previously found that completely homozygous diploid genomes grow slower in vitro and are outcompeted in vivo compared to heterozygous diploids (Hickman et al. 2013).
Consistently, we found that at the presence of IL3, the p185wt Abi1 shRNA cells grew slower in vitro as compared with control p185wt cells (data not shown).
The efficacy of vancomycin against methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) has been reported to be inferior to that of beta-lactams against methicillin susceptible S.aureus (MSSA) due to its slower in vitro bactericidal activity with a lower clinical response [ 4- 6].
In addition, Six et al. have demonstrated that Sporanox®, an ASD formulation of itraconazole in polymeric carrier HPMC having a slower in vitro dissolution rate than ASD prepared in Eudragit E100 and Eudragit E100/PVPVA64, actually produces a better oral bioavailability enhancement for itraconazole.
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