The slope of the EO modulation characteristics of ANPs/7CB can be controlled by the field.
We found that species-specific recognition relies on the slope of the frequency modulation of the carrier frequency.
However, we contend that the earliest components are most relevant for the observed phase locking of first spikes because, according to our model, only the first excitatory change in neural excitability, which is reflected by the first negative slope of the LFP modulation, is crucial for generating the phase locking of the first spikes.
Two spectra are computed within the triangular frequency modulation: one for the up-slope part of the modulation, the other one for the down-slope part.
We conclude that the relevant parameter is the average slope of the slow frequency modulation of the carrier frequency, a propagation-resistant parameter, enabling species identity information to be transmitted at long range.
As shown in Fig. 2, the specific process of the improved algorithm is as follows: (1) Firstly, the pseudo-Wigner-Ville time-frequency transform is performed on the polarization data received by the first channel of the array, and the instantaneous frequency and frequency modulation slope of the incoming wave signal are estimated in the time-frequency domain.
In addition, to quantify modulation of each syllable, we calculated the slope of the syllable from start point to end point (overall modulation), and from the point of maximum frequency to the point of minimum frequency (internal modulation; calculations and annotations described in Figure 1c).
For all flours, the logarithm of the maximal PA signal shown as a function of the logarithm of the modulation frequency f is a straight line with the slope close to −1, as expected.
In summary, the results suggest that by modulating the relative expression of ERG1a and ERG1b, a given cell can control the kinetics of IKr resulting in modulation of both APD and the slope of the restitution curve.
Below is a screenshot of the modulation curves used in the new synth line.
