The numerous species are slender and troutlike in form, scaleless or finely scaled, and seldom more than 15 centimetres (6 inches) long.
Writing about their first encounter, Maitland provides a lengthy description of her extraordinary Mary Magdalen-like beauty: "Tall, slender and graceful in form, fair and exquisite in complexion, the hair long and golden... .. Coincidentally, the leading female character in his novels follows the same description, except she is always submissive and often sadistically mistreated by the man.
The parasites immediately differentiate into long slender forms (dividing forms), which are adapted to survival in the glucose-rich and highly oxygenated blood of the host and multiply, thereby giving rise to a first parasitemia peak.
However, stumpy formation has been lost in most laboratory-adapted trypanosome lines, generating monomorphic parasites that proliferate uncontrolled as slender forms in vitro and in vivo.
Hence, accelerated differentiation of slender forms to stumpy forms within the bloodstream could reduce transmission in epidemic situations by reducing the density of stumpy forms below that needed for effective tsetse passage.
Cell-cycle analysis confirmed the replacement of proliferative slender forms by stumpy forms.
United in his slender form were all the powerful determinants of race, gender and class, overcoming which is one of the most vibrant promises of global culture.
The various compartments of the endocytic pathway are probably separated by no more than 1 2 µm in slender bloodstream forms [40], [62].
For example, the cytochrome b (CYb) and cytochrome oxidase II mRNAs are edited in the insect and stumpy-bloodstream form parasites and are primarily unedited in slender bloodstream forms [5], [6].
Indeed, GPEET is the predominant surface protein found on early procyclic forms (38), and multiple genome-wide analyses have shown that mRNA expression of Tb927.6.150, a GPEET 2 precursor, is upregulated in stumpy forms compared to levels in slender forms (33, 35, 36).
About twice as many genes were up-regulated in slender forms (Table 4) as were up-regulated in stumpy forms (Table 5).
