After adjusting for covariates, trouble sleeping (odds ratio 1.21 [95% CI 1.03 1.42]) and sleep apnea (1.78 [1.39–2.28]) were significantly and independently related to incident diabetes.
Concurrent diseases were strongly associated with all three types of sleep disturbances (odds ratio = 3.34, 95% confidence interval = 2.84 to 3.94 at 6 months; and odds ratio = 3.29, 95% confidence interval = 2.80 to 3.88 at 12 months for difficulties in falling asleep).
Participants with gallstones, cardiac insufficiency, depression, or degenerative arthritis had poor sleep quality (odds ratios of 1.6 6.3, p=.001 or less for each).
For women who reported long sleep duration, the odds of SPTL and of PPROM were 1.50 and 1.17 times greater than the odds among women who reported sleep duration of 7 8 hours.
And when the same subjects also reported getting either too much - or too little sleep - the odds of an early death were nearly five times greater.
And, as you may know, lack of shut-eye doesn't just leave you foggy the next day: Chronic, long-term insufficient sleep ups your odds of diabetes, depression, cardiovascular disease, even weight gain.
Older participants (>61 years) with the longest sleep had increased odds of raised triglycerides (OR 1.18 [1.18–1.18]).
Risk factors for overall incontinence and urgency incontinence included age >70 years (two- to threefold increased odds), sleep apnea (55 85% increased odds), asthma (45 60% increased odds), and ever smoker (25 65% increased odds).
In the first modification, symptoms of depression and anxiety disorder were included in the model to assess whether adjustment for these additional factors altered the association between sleep and diabetes odds.
We modeled the odds of sleep disturbance for the following categories: sleep efficiency <70% compared with ≥ 70%; sleep latency ≥ 60 minutes compared with <60 minutes and; WASO ≥ 90 minutes compared with <90 minutes; number of long-wake episodes ≥ 8 compared with <8; and napping ≥ 2 hours compared with <2 hours.
