Additionally, the previous study used younger animals, a single-dose intervention, and an earlier endpoint.
Enrolled children were randomized to receive either repeated treatment with praziquantel and albendazole four times a year (intervention group, 394 children) or single dose treatment with praziquantel and albendazole once a year (control group, 371 children).
Seventy-six millioneedildren need single dose treatment.
Administation of immunoglobulin, IFN-γ, and glucan was efficacious whereas none of the single-dose interventions were.
Neither therapies directed at single mediators nor single-dose interventions therefore seem appropriate, in part because of a discrepancy between the biological timing of the syndrome and the clinical timing of symptoms.
Besides the test intervention, only the duration of the test intervention distinguished the studies that reported a significant efficacy in preventing adverse clinical outcome from those that did not; none of the single-dose interventions proved efficacious [ 16, 17, 19, 23, 27].
In general, single dose antioxidant interventions have shown protective effects with respect to WBC DNA oxidation.
However, after baseline survey and assessment for inclusion criteria, 765 children were selected and randomized into either the repeated anthelmintic treatment group (intervention group, 394 children) or the single dose anthelmintic treatment group (control group, 371 children).
Neither did combining all doses into a single dose range for each intervention.
In the present study, the intervention using single dose amoxicillin with facilitated referral was not expected to be curative, but rather was hoped to help bridge the transition to a higher level of care hence the importance of coupling provision of antibiotics with facilitated referral.
In resource-limited settings, various abbreviated ARV prophylactic regimens have been shown to be effective PMTCT interventions, with single dose nevirapine (sdNVP) the most commonly used to date, although concerns exist regarding emergence of resistance following sdNVP exposure [ 12, 16].
