The reason is that it is a plausible condition of sincere assertion that a person who asserts that p believe that p; but one could certainly assert that p without believing that p. Analogously, a speaker who utters 'Hurrah' intuitively expresses enthusiasm, since it is a plausible condition of sincere expression that a person who utters 'Hurrah!' be enthusiastic.
By contrast, Bernard Williams (2002: 74) has claimed that a sincere assertion is simply the direct expression of belief, in a more primitive way.
However, except for the idea that a sincere assertion is the expression of a belief that a speaker actually has, none of these types of account focuses on the cognitive features of representing the world and judging the representation to be true as a main characteristic.
If that cannot happen, then when a candidate is sincere, his assertions inevitably get clouded by the lies of his competitor.
If it is generally held that no one is sincere in their assertions, there is no longer reason to take truth to be a norm for one's own utterances.
Bach directly infers that the norm of assertion is the belief norm from the fact that an assertion is sincere if, and only if, the speaker believes what she asserts.
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) barely got a mention and even assertions that sincere efforts were made to avert war were based on the possibility that regime change could be engineered by other means.
The motivation for presenting his assertion as sincere is to thereby ensure that an audience treats his intention that the audience believe that p as a reason for believing that p" (Faulkner, 2007, 527) A lie is an untruthful telling.
By contrast, assuming that the concierge believes that a guest does know that the pool will be closed, (9) will not be used to convey information about the pool, only about the attitude of the staff, while a sincere utterance of (10) is an assertion that the pool will be closed, whatever is assumed about the hearer's prior knowledge.
Intuitively, a sincere utterance of (21) would not be an assertion that there are black swans.
