Conditional association analysis on rs1421085 indicated no major effect of allelic heterogeneity on "body fatness" measures, since adjusting for rs1421085 completely eliminated the associations between "body fatness" measures and "body fatness" markers.
The first component (PC1) could be regarded as a summary for "body fatness" measures and it could surrogate the associations between "body fatness" measures and "body fatness" markers, since adjusting for this component completely eliminated the associations between "body fatness" traits and "body fatness" markers.
The effect of these "body fatness" SNPs on UAC, WHR and two skin fold measures (TrS and SbS) appeared to be mediated through adiposity, since adjusting for PC1 (as a surrogate measure for "body fatness") completely eliminated the associations (data not shown).
Since adjusting for body weight or BMI is, in general, a common procedure in epidemiological studies, results of MS studies are also often adjusted for them.
Since adjusting for parental educational level did not change risk estimates by more than 10%, these two variables were not included in the final statistical models.
Since adjusting for IQ only slightly attenuates the association of birth weight with psychosis-like symptoms, cognitive function may not lie on the causal pathway linking these two factors.
Since adjusting for comorbidities reduced estimates of association between study drugs and mortality, we suggest that these variables were likely to have been acting as classic confounders rather than sources of selection bias.
We decided to present unadjusted parameter estimates (ORs and 95% CIs) for these associations since adjusting for potential confounders of age and parity in the multivariable models changed the associations with SEP by less than 5% for almost all the MCH outcomes, and, for a few, by just over 5%.
Since adjusting for important confounders and the assessment of product-specific VE is not possible, the screening method can be regarded as an important but only supplementary tool for assessing crude VE, in addition to more precise but also more resource-demanding TND-studies for the post-marketing evaluation of influenza vaccines.
As a result, the average post-tax income of the top 1percentt of households has jumped by roughly $1 million since 1979, adjusted for inflation, to $1.4 million.
