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A previous official definition (and widely used unofficial one) required "simultaneous epidemics worldwide with enormous numbers of deaths and illness".
The human outbreaks consisted of multiple simultaneous epidemics caused by different viral strains, and each epidemic resulted from the handling of a distinct gorilla, chimpanzee, or duiker carcass.
But how could the organization declare a pandemic when its own official definition required "simultaneous epidemics worldwide with enormous numbers of deaths and illness". Severity--that is, the number of deaths--is crucial, because every year flu causes "a global spread of disease". Easy.
These outbreaks have consisted of multiple simultaneous epidemics caused by different viral strains, with each epidemic resulting from humans' handling of distinct gorilla, chimpanzee, or duiker carcasses.
Two largely independent and simultaneous epidemics, one in free-ranging deer and elk and another in the captive elk and deer industry, appear to represent the main framework for explaining the disease's current distribution (2).
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Meanwhile, we face simultaneous influenza epidemics from seasonal H1N1 strains and from lingering or reappearing H5N1 avian flu strains.
In Germany very different variants of genotype D4 were found in distinct parts of the country simultaneous with the epidemic in North Rhine Westphalia.
No one would say that an epidemic in China simultaneous with good weather in North America caused a redistribution of income between these two places in the 10th century.
The simultaneous resurgence of the H5N1 epidemic across several countries during the summer of 2004 indicated that the virus has become endemic in Asian poultry.
With sufficient simultaneous transmission and antigenic diversity, cyclical epidemics can be generated even when strains interfere with each other by reducing infectivity.
This is in agreement with our results shown in Figure 4(a): cyclical and chaotic epidemics are prohibited when simultaneous transmission of and partial transmission from coinfections are absent.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com