In this paper we simulated the ecosystem services function under two scenarios, including carbon sequestration, agricultural production, water and soil conservation, and analyzed the tradeoffs among these ecosystem services in Guanzhong-Tianshui region from 2000 to 2050.
The carrying capacity of marine shelf ecosystems in southern Brazil for harvestable species is analyzed by (1) quantifying the amount of available primary production appropriated by fisheries catches, (2) evaluating the trend in the mean trophic level of fisheries, and (3) simulating the ecosystem effects of "fishing down the food web" in an intensively exploited shelf region.
Using the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Model-E2 global Earth system model, the researchers were able to simulate the terrestrial ecosystem emissions and atmospheric chemical composition of the Pliocene and the pre-industrial era.
A watershed water quality model (EUTROMOD) combined with local fish habitation data and habitat suitability index modelling was used to simulate the overall ecosystem impact of projected golf course design and management actions.
Because geochemical characteristics affecting Hg speciation have changed over time, we cannot simulate the true preindustrial ecosystem state.
Such models can simulate the state of ecosystems without exploitation or other anthropogenic pressures, conditions often beyond our data records, so expanding our understanding of key processes [ 12].
A new software BioCalc designed for the forecasting of dynamics of forest ground vegetation diversity, and the EFIMOD model of the forest growth and element cycling in the forest soil system is used for simulating the forest ecosystem parameters under different forest management regimes.
As a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model, DLEM builds on the understanding of biogeochemical processes controlling C, N and water dynamics and can be used to simulate the dynamics of multiple ecosystem components (Tian et al. 2010).
There are different types of models that simulate the dynamics of forest ecosystems.
Natural water treatments are eco-engineered filter systems, which simulate the ability of the natural ecosystems to attenuate pollutants from water.
