The natural philosopher must, therefore, test the various hypotheses by their consequences, and consider empirical virtues such as simplicity and scope (Disc. VI; Princ. IV.201 6).
Okasha (2011) uses the Arrow-Sen framework to study the problem of choosing among rival scientific theories by criteria including fit to data, simplicity, and scope.
Kuhn's (1977) list of the values of science includes accuracy, consistency, scope, simplicity, and fruitfulness.
If this isn't the case when it comes to cooking shows, then it would be good to see a few more programmes celebrating food's beauty, simplicity, scope and delight, and fewer that involve two men in a studio shouting at each other.
The following distributional assumptions are made for simplicity and are taken as the scope of this work: x i j ~ i n d e p N (μ x j, σ x i 2 ), z i j ~ N (μ z j, σ z i 2 ), x ¯ j ~ i n d e p N (μ x j, σ j 2 / m ), and E [ s j 2 ] = σ j 2 ∀ j.
A related strategy is to point to a lack of fixed, predetermined ends that all humans (or even any particular human over the course of her life) aim for in situations of choice, or values to maximize when deciding what to believe (such as simplicity, scope, and consistency in the case of theory choice) (Child 1992).
Kuhn challenged the traditional view of scientific method as a set of rules, claiming that the standards of theory appraisal, such as simplicity, accuracy, consistency, scope and fruitfulness (1977, 322), depend on and vary with the currently dominant paradigm.
First, Helen Longino (1996) has argued that traditional "epistemic" values such as consistency, simplicity, breadth of scope and fruitfulness are not purely epistemic after all, and that their use imports political and social values into contexts of scientific judgment.
Epistemic (or cognitive) values such as predictive accuracy, scope, unification, explanatory power, simplicity and coherence with other accepted theories are taken to be indicative of a good scientific theory and figure in standard arguments for preferring one theory over another.
The tally and scope would be unprecedented.
