"I would say that he was in shock that a simple investigator from the Interior Ministry had the courage to refuse the F.S.B.," the person familiar with the case said.
The threshold procedure in step 1 is simple and investigators can easily substitute an alternate cutoff that constitutes biological significance in their experiment.
They trace the mistake to a simple typo: as investigators from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were attempting to track the AIDS outbreak, they labelled Dugas Patient O, where "O" indicated that he resided "outside of California".
In his comments to reporters, Rodriguez seemed to confirm that sentiment, saying he wanted to keep a meeting with investigators simple "and not make it so much of a big show".
For lack of resources, researchers could conduct only relatively simple experiments; if investigators wanted P32 or other radioactive material, they had to order it 6 months in advance to have some made.
It was not by any means a simple case even then, investigators said — they had the note, and text messages sent from Ms. Koenig's phone, and store surveillance videos showing a figure walking from a white Chevy pickup truck to the coffee kiosk where Ms. Koenig worked.
The simplicity of the questionnaires which was enabled by referring to the German school mark scale (1-6; 1 = very good, 6 = poor), being familiar to the patients, allowed for straightforward answers to the questions and provided a fast and simple evaluation by the investigators.
To investigate this apparent outbreak, CDC investigators developed a simple surveillance case definition for what was first called KS/OI.
In the site's early days, it transpired, Mr Ulbricht had used an e-mail address bearing his own name to request technical advice a simple mistake which helped the investigators track him down.What came out in the trial destroyed any remaining doubt.
Whilst the theory behind tissue engineering strategies favours a complete in vitro regeneration approach, the clinical reality is that investigators have favoured simpler methods involving delivery of cells within hours or days of seeding onto scaffolds.
