We also found that the diversity of the NBS-encoding genes can vary according to the particular type of co-locating biotic stress resistance QTL, e.g. NBS-encoding genes underlying anthracnose QTL were significantly less diverse than the mean diversity of NBS-encoding genes in cultivated sorghum (θπ = 0.0007 versus θπ = 0.0026, respectively).
In accordance with our hypothesis, weed seed banks were significantly less diverse in treated compared to untreated control plots (Shannon and Simpson's indices of diversity, p < 0.05).
However, pairwise comparisons of ranked diversity between sites revealed that NMP and Tucker are both less diverse than NVP, but Tucker is not significantly less diverse than NMP (significance values shown in Table 4).
Patterns of nucleotide diversity and LD are consistent with Zimbabwe having the largest effective population size, while non-African populations are significantly less diverse and more similar to one another than to Zimbabwe.
Comparing the homeobox gene composition of Trichoplax to genomes of the poriferan Amphimedon and the cnidarian Nematostella reveals that the Placozoa possess significantly less homeobox diversity than Cnidaria but a similar diversity as found in Porifera (Table 1).
Core conserved functions showed expression synchronicity, distinct GRN features and significantly less genetic diversity, consistent with evolutionary constraints imposed in key elements of biological systems.
Moreover, the intron region harbored significantly less nucleotide diversity than synonymous sites (Table 1), similar to patterns recently reported for P. balsamifera (Olson et al. 2010) and Medicago truncatula (Branca et al. 2011).
In spite of tremendous efforts in these previous studies, the sequencing depth was still significantly less than predicted total diversity and one might argue that additional sequencing would reveal homogeneous communities along these gradients.
In contrast, haplotypic diversity differs significantly between infected and uninfected individuals, but it is the wBol1a infected population that bears just the single mtDNA haplotype, and its diversity is significantly less than found in the uninfected population.
