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These results suggest that these prognostic signatures function mostly by identifying tumors that have high expression of proliferation genes, regardless of the subtyping based on ER or HER2.
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As the gene- and exon-derived signatures functioned similarly in predicting the individual patient outcome, we analysed their performance separately when building the regression models.
As a limited number of such motifs have been identified, the potential exists for genome-wide statistical analysis and comparative genomics to reveal novel peptide signatures functioning in a C-terminal dependent manner.
The feedback of the developed observer consists of different functions of the estimation errors, including fractional function, signature function and integral function etc.
Figure 2 Two different shapes (grey) with the same signature function 'centroid distance' r ( t ) defined in Equation ( 14 ).
To achieve this challenging task, we first present a contour-based view independent hand posture descriptor extracted with a novel signature function.
where DS OPK is a digital signature function by using the owner's private key OPK, and f stands for owner's fingerprint.
A two-dimensional contour can also be represented in one dimension by mapping it to a one-dimensional signature function: (x t),y(t)) ↦ f(t).
At first, the owner signs his protected data using his private key and generates a fingerprint by using a digital signature function.
When the function f (or, more generally, any signature function g(x t), y(t)) derived from the coordinates) is expanded into a Fourier series, a fixed number of discrete Fourier coefficients approximately represents the contour shape.
The signature function f can already be invariant under translation, scaling and rotation, like Zahn and Roskies' cumulative angular function[16], or the invariance normalisation can be applied after the Fourier transform.
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