To separate the users' signals, knowledge of the SDMA channel per subcarrier is required.
To quantitatively interpret the observed 0.31°C temperature anomaly along the plate boundary fault and to calculate the coseismic shear stress on the ruptured fault from this thermal signal, knowledge of the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity is necessary.
Alternatively methods are available (e.g. Dirlik) enabling the estimation of load spectra directly from power spectral densities (PSDs) of the corresponding time signals; the knowledge of the time signal is then not necessary.
Understanding the diversity of animal signals requires knowledge of factors which may influence the different stages of communication, from the production of a signal by the sender up to the detection, identification and final decision-making in the receiver.
While there is some understanding of the activity pathway of these individual signaling molecules, detailed knowledge of transcriptional controls activated through these signaling pathways is largely unknown.
A computer stitches together the sequence by integrating these signals with knowledge of when each base was flowed through the chip.
A lack of mobile signal and knowledge of Hindi meant that we were navigating solely with a pocket Indian atlas and hand gestures.
These cyclostationarity-exploiting techniques do not need training signals, the knowledge of array manifold, or noise characteristics.
Evaluating the antineutrino signal requires knowledge of several ingredients necessary for modeling the three antineutrino life stages: production, propagation to the detector site, and detection in liquid scintillation detectors via the IBD reaction.
To date, our understanding of Mst substrates and downstream signaling outstrips our knowledge of how these enzymes are controlled by upstream signals.
Understanding how AMPK exerts its protective effects via various signaling pathways requires knowledge of all of AMPK targets, which may be more extensive than currently recognized.
