Sentence examples for shutoff factor from inspiring English sources
Consistent with previous observations during lytic infection, the majority of transcripts are downregulated in cells expressing either SOX or muSOX, with muSOX acting as a more potent shutoff factor than SOX.
It is possible that AEN escapes destabilization in the presence of both factors when it is present at low levels, but at high levels becomes sensitive to the stronger shutoff factor muSOX, due to a slightly different mechanism of targeting.
At least one gammaherpesvirus shutoff factor has been shown to possess RNase activity in vitro [8], although the observed specificity for mRNAs in vivo suggests that SOX homologs interface with cellular factors, for example in order to identify the substrate.
We demonstrate that while SOX and muSOX have similar effects on cellular mRNAs, muSOX acts as a more potent shutoff factor than SOX at a similar expression level in 293T cells, independent of any regulation by viral genes.
While both factors target similar pools of mRNAs for turnover, muSOX is a more potent shutoff factor in 293T cells, as most cellular mRNAs are less abundant in muSOX- than SOX-expressing cells (Fig. 4C).
For KSHV, mRNA degradation is performed by the host shutoff factor SOX [ 44].
Another important insight into the mechanisms by which gammaherpesvirus shutoff factors target mRNAs is the discordance between the upregulation of a specific endogenous cellular gene (PIDD) and its abundance when expressed from a heterologous promoter.
Further indication of the similarity between SOX and muSOX is illustrated by the fact that nearly 78% of mRNAs are similarly regulated by the two shutoff factors (Fig. 4B), in other words, most of the mRNAs that escape shutoff by SOX also escape shutoff by muSOX and likewise for downregulated transcripts.
It is still the most widely used water shutoff agent.
This water shutoff agent is successfully used in 25 oil wells.
In this way modified urea formaldehyde resin water shutoff agent is developed.
