This unorthodox orientation means that these parts of the genome cannot be shuffled during the production of egg and sperm, and the genes on them are packages of permanently linked genes.
The outcome of such type of analysis could also contribute to the understanding of how regulatory networks can be reconfigured by altering the distribution of critical cis-regulatory modules by homologous recombination and genome shuffling during the process of parental intercrossing.
Interestingly, although the exon/intron organization of NACs varied significantly in terms of intron number, the intron phase was remarkably high conserved (Additional file 6), which was indicative of exon shuffling during the evolution process [ 78].
The strong bias for one intron phase class and the variation in the number of exons (2 6), and consequently size of the encoded proteins, is consistent with exon shuffling during the evolution of IQD genes.
The almost exclusive usage of phase-0 introns and variable number of exons suggests a role for exon shuffling during the diversification of IQD proteins, which is also supported by phylogenetic relationships between the IQ67 domain and full-length IQD proteins.
In contrast, although the intron phase is remarkably conserved within Populus CCCH V subfamily (Additional file 3), the gene structures of subfamily V appeared to be more variable in terms of intron numbers, which may be indicative of exon shuffling during the evolution [ 41].
We did simulation study by random shuffling of miRNA sequences to test whether our method could distinguish a miRNA from its shuffled version during the detecting process.
We gave up trying to go forward and shuffled out during the course of an hour, pushing through the masses.
And one healthy mother completely lacked a gene called PRDM9 that is involved in shuffling chromosomes during the formation of eggs and sperm.
It can be fun to get together with your friends and pick out songs for your party, and when you're done, you'll be able to simply set your playlist on shuffle during your party and forget about it.
