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Drying shrinkage defined as the time-dependent strain measured at constant temperature in an unloaded and unrestrained specimen (Tam et al. 2012).
The development of tensile stress due to restrained shrinkage (defined as shrinkage stress) in the repair system is affected by magnitude of drying shrinkage, creep and modulus of elasticity of repair material.
In addition, epsilon shrinkage defined as 1-SD IWRES) was calculated in order to ensure validity of the diagnostics.
A separate problem is boundary shrinkage, defined as bias in defining the boundary of a cluster leading to the overestimation of the disease rate (Olsen et al., 1996).
Other efficacy endpoints include ORR, defined as CR or partial response determined by RECIST Version 1.1, and tumour shrinkage, defined as the maximum decrease in the sum of the longest diameters of the target lesions.
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Step 2: Firstly, given u j and ( {b}_1^j ), update d j + 1 as follows: {d}^{j+1}= shrinkageleft nabla {u}^j+{b}_1^j,frac{mu w}{2lambda}right), (18 where shrinkage is the soft shrinkage operator, defined as shrinkageleft( z,theta right)=frac{z}{leftVert zrightVert}cdot max left{leftVert zrightVert -theta, 0right}, (19).
Step 2: Firstly, given w j and ( {b}_2^j ), update t j + 1 as follows: {t}^{j+1}= shrinkageleft nabla {w}^j+{b}_2^j,frac{alpha nu}{2gamma}right), (26 where shrinkage is the soft shrinkage operator, defined as shrinkageleft( z,theta right)=frac{z}{leftVert zrightVert}cdot max left{leftVert zrightVert -theta, 0right}, (27).
The shrinkage limit is defined as the point at which further loss of moisture will not result in further reduction of volume.
Drying shrinkage is defined as the deformation of a specimen during drying without external loading.
where g (k)=Φ T (z (k)/β+Φ x (k)+r (k+1)−y) is the gradient of the differentiable part of the augmented Lagrangian function with respect to x and Shrink denotes the shrinkage operator defined as Shrink a,ρ) i =s g n(a i ) max(|a i |−ρ,0).
T x,y) is the shrinkage factor defined as T x, y = 1 - λ 2 S j 2 x, y (10) T x, y = T x, y if λ 2 < S j 2 0 if λ 2 > S j 2, λ is the universal threshold, with λ2 = 2σ2logb2; σ is the standard deviation of corrupted coefficients; and b2 is the size of local neighborhood window.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com