Furthermore, the most divergent rattlesnake samples originated from land-bridge islands, a pattern that is opposite to a priori predictions of the influence of island age on body size evolution (i.e., more recently isolated islands should show less divergence).
In the case of the comparison with D. simulans there is no significant difference in the proportion of genes differentially expressed among the four sampled developmental time-points, whereas, in the case of the comparison with D. sechellia, the intermediate time points show less divergence.
If the Relative Divergence Factor is less than one, then that gene in the Welwitschia plastome shows less divergence than average, if it is one, the gene is equally divergent, and, if greater than one, the Welwitschia gene exhibits above average divergence.
Mexican subjects with Class II malocclusions also showed less divergence of the cranial base (SN-FH angle) and greater vertical tendencies (MPA, Y-axis, and palatal plane angle) than their white counterparts.
WSB, which could be considered a founder of the laboratory strains, showed less divergence.
Overall metagenomic sequences generally showed less divergence from the pTRACA22 RelE than other sequences included in the alignment, and the C terminus L and F residues appeared completely conserved among these sequences (Fig 5).
As with intron lengths, longer intergenic regions are known to show less sequence divergence across species (Halligan and Keightley 2006).
In contrast, the differences between PriA and subHisA sub-families, which show less sequence divergence despite a big functional leap, facilitate the analysis of this process by simpler sequence comparisons (LNG & FBG, unpublished results; [ 27]).
We provide an explanation for this lineage dependency, which suggests that most species with large effective population sizes will show far less divergence in 18S than protein coding sequences.
The dermatophytes as a group show far less divergence but longer ancestral branch than the Aspergillus- Penicillium clade (Fig. 4).
In BOLD we used all species-level barcode records, as well as the reference barcode database, which is deemed validated by the criteria of having at least three sequences of at least 500 bp that show less that 2% divergence [27].
