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Efforts to simplify the collection and shipping of specimens for HIV drug-resistance testing in resource-limited settings are needed as antiretroviral therapy increases worldwide.
Most of this cost ($27.91, 83%) was incurred by the laboratory, with a smaller proportion incurred during phlebotomy and shipping of specimens.
Prior to shipping of specimens to the CDC, a 2 ml aliquot of each sample was spun down and the cell pellet resuspended in 1 ml TRIzol reagent.
Each study site adhered to standards of Good Clinical Laboratory Practice [ 10], the HPTN Manual of Laboratory Operations, and local standard operating procedures for proper collection, processing, labeling, transport of specimens to the local testing laboratories, storage, and shipping of specimens to the HPTN Network Laboratory.
Perhaps the most important response is to offer a sound base of support for combating emerging diseases where they start, relying less on the rapid influx of international experts and the long-distance shipping of specimens and more on "home grown" talent, equipped with the tools and training that they need.
Also, because of the wide dispersal of study participants, we relied upon self-identification of influenza-like illness, self-collection of nasal and gargle specimens, and shipping of specimens by the US postal system, all likely reducing the probability of identifying influenza virus infections.
Similar(54)
One solution is to use RNAlater, which allows procurement and shipping of tissue specimens at room temperature [ 5, 6].
This also overcomes problems due to shipping of urine specimens (i.e., protein stability, apparatus for packaging and shipping expense due to liquid storage and weight).
Because of limited volumes of sera and restrictions in shipping of biological specimens internationally, each evaluation center assembled its own panel following proficiency testing and sample revalidation using study-specific standard operating procedures and materials.
The proportion of STEC recovery from stools, similar to that reported in other studies (7, 14 ), may be low because of the interval between onset of diarrhea and stool collection (median 8 days), antimicrobial therapy administered to many patients before and after the development of HUS (data not shown), or the freezing, storing, or shipping of the specimens.
We also periodically shipped randomly selected subsets of specimens to CDC for external verification, identification of unsubtypable influenza virus, nucleotide sequencing and anti-viral resistance testing using pyro-sequencing.
Related(16)
shipment of specimens
transport of specimens
transportation of specimens
shipping of samples
sending of specimens
shipping of crystals
shipping of goods
shipping of containers
shipping of semen
shipping of machines
shipping of distillers
shipping of horses
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shipping of pathogens
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