The closest relationships between ship management companies and shipyards begin with the initial design process of new ships and they continue during the life cycle of operating ships.
Independently, considering that ship design should actually address the whole ship's life-cycle, it may be split into various stages that are traditionally composed of the concept/preliminary design, the contractual and detailed design, the ship construction/fabrication process, ship operation for an economic life and scrapping/recycling.
As the life cycle progresses, a ship's environmental performance can degrade if more stringent policies are implemented at a port of call or for operations on the open seas.
Many peripheral factors, such as life cycle cost, fabrication and shipping limitations, traffic and construction conditions, and maintenance access, also affect the design.
Exploring waste heat from the main ship propulsion engine is the key to reduce life cycle cost.
According to a Goldman Sachs report, HTC is expected to ship a total of 4 million units in its life cycle.
An airline executive contended that this took into account the whole life cycle of producing the biofuel, including shipping it from the United States to the Netherlands.
The ship, in the process of production, is prepared for the assumed life cycle, including conditions of its operation and engineering service.
A case study is presented involving life cycle planning for ballast water treatment compliance of a notional container ship to show the utility of these methods and metrics.
This study compared four liquefaction systems based on the life cycle cost (LCC) analysis, in order to select the optimal CO2 liquefaction system for ship-based carbon capture and storage (CCS).
