The shift of function need not have occurred once only; it could have occurred independently in Proteobacteria, Eurybacteria/Endobacteria and Methanosarcinales, their deep positions on the tree simply being an artefact of exclusion of these sequences from their far shorter-branch ancestral clades.
Grafman and Litvan [ 20] have identified four major forms of neuroplasticity: map expansion (mainly due to skill learning), cross-modal reassignment (by rewiring following injury), homologous area adaptation (the shift of function, often to the opposite hemisphere, due to injury in early life), and compensatory masquerade (an alternative processing strategy for a task).
We solve a problem about the orthogonal complement of the space spanned by restricted shifts of functions in L2[0,1] posed by M. Carlsson and C. Sundberg.
The most parsimonious explanation for this unusual phyletic distribution of exportin genes is the independent loss and shifting of function between paralogues in the early evolution of certain invertebrate groups.
Privatization, referring to the shift of government functions from a public sector to the private agency, is also an alternative of service delivery [16].
CL originates from the term crowdsourcing, which covers both the word 'crowd' or a mass of people and 'outsourcing' or the shift of processes, functions and duties to third parties [24].
Thus, it seems the shift of ILD functions with monaural or binaural noise is probably due to a mechanism other than adaptation to ILD of background noise.
However, one prediction of the noise-induced shift of ILD functions to ILDs favouring more contralateral locations is that, in noise, there should be an apparent shift in perceived sound location to more lateral locations.
Note, 20 dB threshold shift of the functions to the right at low intensities (horizontal arrows) and large increase in response amplitude (up arrow) at suprathreshold levels (>60 dB SPL).
The shape and exact location of the cortical motor areas varies among individuals and pathological conditions may cause distortion of functional motor areas and even shift of motor function to other regions [ 3].
