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Sanitation mobilization campaigns rely on community-level intervention techniques, such as village-level defecation mapping and 'walks of shame,' under the premise that community-level dynamics help catalyze a shift of community norms away from open defecation and toward using improved sanitation facilities, such as private toilets [ 30].
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Low TN TP ratios (<29 1) and elevated temperatures were found to influence the seasonal shift of phytoplankton community.
Understanding the shift of AMF community composition is critical to assessing the impact of fertilization for determining a more effective strategy in sustainable soil fertility.
Therefore we could reach a conclusion that the compact SCBR was practical to treat municipal wastewater and the shift of microbial community monitored by molecular technologies could offer guidance to the process optimization in engineering.
A shift of bacterial community composition as well as increased bacterial diversity in Cu contaminated treatment indicated a bacterial response to Cu stress; to the contrary, soil fungi were less susceptible than bacteria, though an overall reduction of fungal DNA was detected.
In contrast, UC individuals shared only around 70% of their predominant bacteria, which indicates that a particular shift of bacterial community might be a feature of UC patients.
New maps produced by Dr Alasdair Rae, an expert on urban deprivation based at the University of Sheffield, indicate a significant shift of poor communities out from the centre of the capital.
The improved water-soluble organic carbon and nitrogen status in SM amended tailings were the strongest driving factors in the shift of bacterial communities towards organoheterotrophic dominance.
When ammonia acetate was added to the AD, the liquid environment changed and caused a shift of microbial communities [ 17].
The temperature disturbances had different effects on the shift of bacterial communities in reactors A, B, and C. The decrease of temperature from 37°C to 25°C in reactor A resulted in an increased abundance of Proteobacteria (A2), and the reason might be that some of the classes (for example, Gammaproteobacteria) belonging to Proteobacteria can grow well at lower temperatures [ 29].
The answer will affect economic development, but will also reflect the shifting values of communities with changing ethnic and cultural identities.
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