A sense of shifting is constant.
Then the whole set of experiments was analyzed again by assuming that the scalar coupling constants and chemical shifts are constant over the entire pH range.
We also point out that the conditions of validity of the Matsumoto Tonomura approximation constrain the phase shift across the open aperture to a quadratic algebraic form when the phase shift is not constant around the perimeter.
Definition 2.3 Let a ∈ T. The shift of f : ( a, ∞ ) T → R is defined as the solution of the shifting problem ∇ t u ( t, ρ ( s ) ) = − ∇ s u ( t, s ), s, t ∈ T, t > s > a, u ( t, a ) = f ( t ), t ∈ T, t > a. Remark 2.4 (i) If the graininess is constant, the shifting problem has a unique solution u ( t, s ) = f ( t − s ).
Again, these results assume that the habitat quality is constant under shifting climate (see discussion in " Strengths and Limitations").> As mentioned, the OSRs of the burned pine habitat exhibit a strong negative skew because the average is below the interquartile range (Fig. 6).
The phase shift should be constant with input intensity, and so calibration for the phase shift offset and slight slope effects is also needed across the different gain levels.
The phase resolution of the presented phase images was estimated by analyzing a region where the phase shift is assumed to be constant (i.e., within a homogeneous region of a CIGS grain).
Second, the likelihood of a shift must be constant and independent of the environment.
Furthermore, note that, the time shift independent variance are constant if the signals are stationary and the data sample length K is sufficiently large (ideally K → ∞).
Since we are interested only in the frequency fluctuation of the signal, this constant shift is irrelevant for ranging purposes.
