Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) most commonly occurs as a result of a pivot-shift injury, requires substantial force to occur and is rarely a truly isolated event.
Young children have weaker physes than ligaments, which can result in epiphyseal avulsion fractures at the anterior tibial spine near the ACL attachment rather than tearing of the ligament itself, for the same pivot-shift injury mechanism (Fig. 1) [3].
Although causes of this abnormality remain unclear, transcellular shift, cellular injury and phosphate release might be responsible [ 25, 26].
Methods to dissipate energy across the skull and allow greater skull movement upon impact by using flexible platforms can shift the injury type from a more focal to a more diffuse pattern.
Experts say the same issues — cost, single-sport specialization, demographic shifts and injury concerns — continue to plague the sport, which remains the top boys participatory sport by a "large margin," NFHS reported.
There has been a shift from injuries and communicable diseases to non-communicable and lifestyle-related conditions as prominent causes of disability adjusted-life years among adolescents.
With regard to the most common running injuries there was a shift from knee injuries (80's to mid 90's) towards achilles tendon injuries today.
The traditional occupational health and safety risk (OHS) management model is under strain as the burden shifts from injuries to illnesses arising from chronic disease [ 1].
Preliminary investigations suggest that handheld infrared pupillometry may be of clinical use in detecting midline cerebral shift in head injury patients [ 10].
However, given the unclear effects of these interventions to achieve a significant modal shift, impacts on injury, noise and air pollution at a population level are likely to be minor.
He has rarely taken responsibility for his team's failures, preferring to shift blame toward injuries, coaches or the playbook.
