However, neither phorbol esters PMA nor PDBu (phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate 12,13-dibutyrateatle to stimulate NCKX4, in sharp contrast to the robust stimulation observed for NCKX2, used as a positive control.
Slow increases in these parameters, or sharp rises following noxious stimulation, were taken as evidence of possibly lightening anaesthesia.
Three types of behavior were considered as positive responses to filament stimulation: 1) sharp retraction of the abdomen, 2) immediate licking or scratching of the area of filament stimulation, or 3) jumping as previously described [ 96].
There is a long-standing question regarding the phenomenon that cold stimulation evokes sharper and more shooting pain sensations than hot stimulation.
The mechanism underlying the phenomenon that cold stimulation evokes sharper and more shooting pain sensation than hot stimulation also involves dentinal fluid flow and odontoblast movement.
Based on the simulated results (Fig. 4), the explanations for the phenomenon that cold stimulation causes sharper and more shooting pain sensation than does hot stimulation may be summarized as follows.
Higher NO3-N additions stimulated a sharp increase in N2O flux rate, which suggested an obvious stimulation caused by the increasing nitrate input.
Indeed, the strongest growth stimulatory treatments used so far (Pten and Socs3 co-deletion, CNTF stimulation) demonstrated a sharp decline of regenerating axon numbers along the optic nerve, with only a small fraction reaching the optic chiasm and extending beyond.
The dynamics of chemotaxis adaptation has two parts: first, the output signal of the system exhibits a sharp increase after the initial stimulation, and this is referred to as the sensitivity phase; second, after the initial sharp rise, the output signal decays to its initial state, and this is referred to as the precision phase.
The short duration and localized pressure pulse associated with HF stimulations is in sharp contrast with the long duration and large-scale depressurization brought about by hydrocarbon production.
