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At the centre of the current corridor of Atlantic climate phylogeographic studies have identified a sharp cline in mitochondrial DNA [23], and also clines in nuclear markers [9 both proteins and microsatellites], [24], [25].
In Africa, the fraction of carriers of polymorphic Alu-s increase with sharp cline in the north of Sahara compared to the populations living south of the desert [Comas et al., 2000].
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"Spiders (Kidsmoke)" had the benefit of a visceral hard-rock riff, along with another sharp solo by Mr. Cline; "Hummingbird" had the audience singing along.
In the same way, clines at selected loci, each of which can be thought of as a barrier to gene flow, will be pushed by differential pressure of population density to coincide and their association is expected to form sharp steps at coincident cline centres [ 12].
The sharp and coincident Y chromosome clines seen elsewhere in the European house mouse hybrid zone are also consistent with this argument.
Generally, Cline favors sentence fragments, sharp scintillae of impressions, and by and large these ably forward her project: Evie, unmoored, lost, greedily swallows the world, in bright pieces.
One way to test the competitive exclusion and relict population hypotheses would be to densely sample populations along the salinity cline to test for sharp inflections (indicating competitive exclusion) or gradual transitions (indicating introgression) in allele frequencies across the ecological boundary between fresh water and slightly brackish habitats.
Cline is an astute chronicler with a light historical hand.
However, different species have different patterns of genetic differentiation, from broad genetic clines to sharper genetic breaks.
m. domesticus contact zone in Europe is characterised by sharp frequency discontinuities for sex chromosome markers at the centre of wider clines in allozyme frequencies.
The morphs are geographically structured and separated by either sharp contact zones at rivers and lava flows, or by less defined altitudinal clines of colouration (Fig. 1), a unique pattern within a bird species on a small oceanic island.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com