Where open source was about sharing information by way of the internet, what is happening now, Mr Benkler notes, is the sharing of the tangible tools of technology themselves, like computing power and bandwidth.
The South Sea bubble in 1720 saw a wave of speculative investment in shares that left almost nothing of tangible value behind.
Examples of tangible support can include sharing of useful tools, policies, and materials or serving as a reference for colleagues [ 25, 35].
Sometimes the tax extends to automobiles, jewelry, and furniture and even to such intangibles as bonds, mortgages, and shares of stock that represent claims on, or ownership of, tangible wealth.
Shares of Borders quickly fell 40% to $4.20, half of tangible book value often a sign of impending bankruptcy.
Such cooperation usually requires sharing of access to data, service and other tangible or intangible resources.
Think in terms of tangible next actions.
A value investor might be looking at a company with shares trading at a discount to its asset value; a growth investor might not worry if the company had much in the way of tangible assets at all.
"There aren't a lot of tangible jokes," Shrigley says.
