In the latter case, it is quite likely that gene conversion is responsible for the shared variation in these two elements rather than retrotransposition.
Where there was a significant first component for a PCA, suggesting redundancy amongst the set of variables analysed, individual component (PC) scores were used to represent the main axis of shared variation in subsequent analyses.
As in previous studies [ 33, 36, 37], our study showed that the shared variations in gene structure can be used for the classification of paralogous genes into different evolutionary groups (V-2, 6 and 7); accordingly we further suggest that V-4 group be expanded to include two orphan members, SmSDG6 and PpSDG9, because these two genes have a common intron (position17) with AtSDG20 of V-4 group.
The estimated migration rate from H. c. cordula to H. m. melpomene (m1 = 1.32 × 10-6 per generation per locus) was high at mtDNA, as was expected from the pattern of shared variation seen in the mtDNA tree.
Although the majority of these were located in either the N-terminal (38%) or C-terminal (29%) domains, shared variation was found in every secondary structure domain.
This suggests that the association between WMC and feature-based attention is almost completely unique in its shared variation with individuals' WMC.
This finding is in agreement with earlier reports on shared genetic variation in allozymes, nuclear introns and mtDNA [ 28, 29, 77– 80].
Anatomical differences will make it difficult to determine whether observed differences in transcript abundance represent differential regulation within shared cell-types or variation in the cell-type composition of male and female tissues.
Despite a relatively high number of CN counts available, Polypodiales ferns share similar CN variation in the two areas, completely overlapping.
The independent variables explain a greater share of the variation in the price ratio than they do for posters and flyers (R squared = 0.61) and the F statistic is high and significant (F = 56.9; p < 0.0001).
