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Exact(3)
Now suppose the single queen has mated multiply, with x males who share reproduction equally (Table 2, second column).
Now consider a queen who has mated multiply with x males who share reproduction equally (Table 3, column 2).
Swarm-founding epiponine wasps are an intriguing group of social insects in which colonies are polygynic (several queens share reproduction) and differentiation between castes is often not obvious.
Similar(57)
However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers.
If such groups remain intact over generations of shared reproduction, then high relatedness may be a consequence and not a cause of cooperation.
In chimpanzees, for example, the dominant's share of reproduction declined with increasing overlap of female estrous periods, indicating that the alpha male had limited control over reproduction (Boesch et al. 2006).
E-mail address GO SIGN UP Share Tweet Reproduction has been part of China's political discourse ever since the birth of the Communist state, even if the Great Helmsman sent mixed signals about his position on it.
The pay-to-stay hypothesis predicts that dominants punish or evict subordinates if these subordinates are not helpful or otherwise claim a larger share of reproduction not counterbalanced by any positive effects of the subordinates' presence.
We develop a model of individually foraging animals that share resources for reproduction.
The results of our model analysis clearly demonstrate that the benefit of group formation and sharing resources for reproduction will depend critically on the amount of reproductive skew in a group.
Since the network members are dynamic, so is the association between knowledge sharing, transferring and reproduction.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com