Comparisons of social interactions between sham, saline-injected, and LPS-injected bees were performed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA on ranks for global comparison, followed by Dunn's analyses for multiple comparisons.
In contrast, anodal stimulation decreased the interference effect relative to sham stimulation [condition × congruency interaction on error rates, F 1,4) = 19.28, p = 0.012, ηp = 0.83, but not on RTs, F < 1, p > 0.40,].
Planned orthogonal contrasts on the interaction showed that SHAM animals required a shorter time to choose a correct goal arm than an incorrect one (F1,14 = 30.65, p < 0.0001; Bonferroni critical alpha = 0.025).
The two-way ANOVA tested also the interaction between HF (sham-operated/TIC) and sex (female/male).
This approach permitted measurement of both the behavioral and neural consequences of A-tDCS during (1) real A-tDCS, (2) sham stimulation, and (3) any interactions with the expected BP and NP effects of practice (order) or crossmodal repetition (cues) (see Experimental Procedures for details).
Post hoc comparisons performed on the second-order interaction revealed that, in S5, both sham groups (Don-Sham and Sal-Sham), as well as the Don-Sap group, recognized the spatial change (P < 0.01), whereas the Sal-Sap rats failed to detect the new spatial configuration).
Post hoc comparisons on the second-order interaction revealed that, though Don-Sham, Sal-Sham and Don-Sap groups did not show any preference towards displaced objects, Sal-Sap rats continued to explore nondisplaced objects longer (P < 0.001)).
The false discovery rate method controlled for multiple analyses.No significant interactions comparing active versus sham stimulation over time were evident.
There was no group effect or time-group interaction due to nalbuphine in sham or septic animals.
OBJECTIVES To quantify the extent to which the participant-provider interaction influences the response to sham treatment following exercised-induced acute musculoskeletal pain.
