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A two-hour sham exposure experiment (exposure one, particle-free medical air) was included to provide baseline data.
I do control experiments in which the 45 minutes is what we call a sham exposure in which no radio frequency energy is turned on.
The crossover design of the present study was not complete, as we had no arm of B vitamin supplementation with sham exposure.
The students were grouped into 3 groups according to the side of exposure; Left Exposure (LE), Right Exposure (RE) and Sham Exposure (SE).
With eyes open and during sham exposure, FM patients and controls appeared to have similar standing balance, with RA patients worse.
Results: Sham exposure results indicated significant departures from corresponding whole-body plethysmography (WBP) respiratory function estimates taken before the inhalation procedure.
Cultured cementoblasts received US exposure (frequency = 1 MHz; pulsed 1 4; spatial-average intensities (ISA) = 100, 150 or 400mW/cm2) or sham exposure for 15 min per d for 4 d.
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Kizilay et al. 52 conducted a sham exposure-controlled experimental study with 14 adult and four newborn rats.
Methods: EMF of mobile phones exposure was scheduled according to a sham-exposure controlled experimental design.
After a 7-day adaptation period, mice were randomly assigned to a 12-week period of sham-exposure or RF exposure.
This demonstrated that conditions could not be distinguished for participants throughout sham-exposure sessions.
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