He also talks to his lawyer, a voluble and indignant woman, who tells him that the Iranian legal system is a sham, that all decisions on appeals are made strictly on political grounds, and that the courts may reduce the sentence and the length of the ban but will never overturn them.
Most of my patients seem to think "informed consent" is a sham, either asking them to ratify decisions that have already been made or to make decisions they are not equipped to make.
Additionally, the logs have been called a sham because some parents make the decision not to require their children to read each night and, as a result, falsify the reading log.
Indeed, the United States Tax Court ruled the AlliedSignal deal, struck in 1990, was a sham, and an appeals court upheld that decision earlier this year.
Haines was not in the habit of denying his orientation, which rubbed his bosses at MGM the wrong way, and eventually, faced with the decision to enter into a sham marriage or quit acting, Haines chose to quit.
Ms. Allred called the decision-making process "corrupt and a sham and a fraud".
The N.F.L. is awaiting a ruling from the National Labor Relations Board on its claim that the union's decision to dissolve itself Friday was a sham.
After winning a sham ballot last month, General Musharraf was awaiting a Supreme Court decision on whether his election, while still serving as army chief of staff, was legal.
Most recently, lawyers representing the local authorities wrote to the government's airport capacity directorate on 30 September 2016 calling for a consultation "in advance of any decision", claiming that consulting councils afterwards would represent a "sham".
