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Prominent examples are the Hegyi indexb (Hegyi [1974]) basal area of the larger trees as proposed by (Wykoff et al. [1982]), (see also (Coomes and Allen [2007])) or the cone based shading index used by (Pretzsch [1992]).
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Nevertheless, we shaded immune index labels in the group-specific correlation circles to reflect the PCs resulting from the previous varimax-rotated PCA performed with all species, individuals or months combined.
None of the indices clearly differentiates between crowding and shading effects and each index contains a measure of both.
Also the perturbed term n′·h is used as an index to shading look-up tables which enable real-time per-pixel lighting on bumped surfaces.
Open image in new window Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of insurable counties for chilling injury and heat damage of maize: a chilling injury; b heat damage; and c SDE. Open ellipses represent absolute weather indices and shaded ellipses relative weather indices.
Negative values of R indicate disasters resulting in yield loss Open image in new window Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of insurable counties for chilling injury and heat damage of rice: a chilling injury; b heat damage; and c SDE. Open ellipses represent absolute weather indices and shaded ellipses relative weather indices.
Negative values of R indicate disasters resulting in yield loss Open image in new window Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of insurable counties for chilling injury and heat damage of wheat: a chilling injury; b heat damage; and c SDE. Open ellipses represent absolute weather indices and shaded ellipses relative weather indices.
Hong Kong's Hang Seng index shaded down by 0.3%, its fourth straight daily setback, at 14,377.44.
Here we link the forest shade tolerance index to soil moisture in the North America using the U.S. and Quebec forest inventories.
We report a significant decrease of shade tolerance index along the hydric mesic xeric soil transition in most of the area considered except three subtropical/tropical ecoregions of the Southeastern U.S. We conclude that droughts may alter forest succession, and in particular decrease the role of forest gap dynamics and dominance of the shade-tolerant species in mature forests.
Our shade tolerance index (STU; U for "unweighted") is the proportion of live saplings of a taxon that is in the understory (as opposed to the canopy; see details below).
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