After severe bronchiolar injury, toxicant resistant Clara cells and bronchoalveolar stem cells (BASCs) residing in distinct cellular niches, also have been proposed as relatively specialized stem cells that play a role in repair and/or carcinogenesis [7], [8].
Were parallel reference toxicant toxicity test conducted?
Arsenic is recognized as a potent environmental toxicant that causes severe health problems in populations chronically exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water.
The underlying biological rationale of the test is that disturbance of neural crest migration by toxicants leads to severe malformations in different species.
Various useful drugs like acetaminophen, gentamicin and some environmental and industrial toxicants can cause severe renal damage through activation of these drugs to highly reactive free radicals [ 23].
Motor neuron loss in most MND cases was too severe to be able to identify toxicants using elemental analysis.
We conclude that the ocean as a habitat poses severe restrictions to fitness by several environmental factors e.g. nutrient limitation and pH, while the selection pressure from toxicants in the marine environment seems to be comparably small.
Further elements that seem to confirm exposure to toxicants are the unfocussed and rolling eyes, severe breathing difficulties, in one instance a very erect penis, and possible signs of urination or defecation on trousers (although this is difficult to say, given that the hospital floor is covered with water as staff seems to hose water over every victim).
A number of chemicals including various environmental toxicants and clinically useful drugs can cause severe cellular damages in different organs of our body through the metabolic activation to highly reactive substances such as free radicals.
Recent findings show that reduction of VMAT2 causes a severe reduction of dopamine, nigrostriatal neurodegeneration, increased vulnerability to various toxicants, and motor behavior deficits [50], [54], [55].
